Der Sozialismus einst und jetzt by Eduard Bernstein

(4 User reviews)   766
Bernstein, Eduard, 1850-1932 Bernstein, Eduard, 1850-1932
German
Ever wonder why the socialist ideas of the 19th century look so different from what we see today? Eduard Bernstein's 'Der Sozialismus einst und jetzt' (Socialism Then and Now) tackles that exact puzzle head-on. Written by one of socialism's most famous 'revisionists,' this book isn't a dry history lesson. It's a direct challenge. Bernstein argues that the revolutionary, 'all-or-nothing' socialism of Marx's time had to change to survive in the modern world. He makes the case for a practical, democratic, and gradual path. Reading it feels like listening in on a fiery, foundational debate about the very soul of a political movement. If you're curious about where modern democratic socialism came from, this is where the argument started.
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valuable aid both in obtaining illustrations and in other respects. Mr. Charles Edward Haviland, Mr. Theodore Haviland, and M. Bracquemond contributed many valuable hints upon technology and the manufacture and composition of different wares. The dealers of New York, Boston, Washington, Albany, and other cities took an active interest both in directing the author to collections and in furnishing specimens for illustration. Among American manufacturers, Mr. Thomas C. Smith, of Greenpoint; Mr. James Carr, of New York; Mr. Hugh C. Robertson, of Chelsea, Massachusetts; and Mr. J. Hart Brewer, of Trenton, are especially deserving of thanks for helping the author to a true insight into the past history, present condition, and prospects of the art in the United States. In regard to the engravings, while it was, of course, found necessary in many cases to cull from the rich accumulations of ceramic treasures in Europe, in order to secure the proper illustration of the work, the preference has invariably been given to the collections of America. Such a course recommended itself for obvious reasons. It was thought that it would, in the first place, gratify those desirous of knowing where, in this country, the best representatives of the art of certain countries are to be found; and that, in the second place, it would direct artists where to study the best styles of decoration. One result of the author’s investigations in this matter has been the conviction that the American collector is cosmopolitan in his tastes, and that the American cabinet--in many instances the American tea-table--represents the amity of nations. The arts of all countries are found arrayed side by side in a profusion of which it would have been hard, a few years ago, to find a trace. In choosing the pieces to be engraved, a threefold aim has been kept in view: the elucidation of the text, the representation of the greatest number of different wares by characteristic examples, and the introduction of as many beautiful works of art as possible consistently with the accomplishment of the two previous objects. The requirements of the student of decorative art have been fully considered, and due weight has been given to the fact that these requirements can be met better by the pencil than the pen. In procuring specimens, the author has acknowledgments to express both to private collectors and to the curators of public institutions. Among the latter may be mentioned General Loring, of the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, and Mr. H. C. Hutchins, of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in this city, both of whom admitted the author to a close inspection of the collections under their charge, and personally superintended the taking of sketches and photographs. Similar favors were received from the trustees and Dr. M‘Leod, of the Corcoran Art Gallery; from Professor Baird and Mr. Cushing, of the Smithsonian Institution, in Washington; and from the officers of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories. Mr. Edward Bierstadt of New York, and Mr. T. W. Smillie of Washington, also granted facilities and volunteered courtesies which proved invaluable. Casual reference is made in the following pages to the marks of factories and artists, but after due deliberation it was decided not to make them the subject of special treatment or illustration. Several good manuals are already in the hands of the public, and a book of marks should never take any other form. It is comparatively useless unless easily portable and handy. Then, again, marks are, and always have been, imitated to such an extent that they are not the most trustworthy guides to...

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This isn't a story with characters, but with ideas. Eduard Bernstein, a key figure in the early German Social Democratic Party, takes a hard look at the socialist movement. He compares the theory he grew up with—the revolutionary doctrine of Karl Marx—to the political reality of the early 20th century.

The Story

Bernstein basically asks: 'Is our old playbook still working?' He points out that the world Marx described—with a shrinking middle class and ever-worsening poverty for workers—wasn't coming true. Instead, living standards were slowly improving and democratic reforms were possible. The book argues that clinging to a theory of inevitable, violent revolution was a dead end. Bernstein's big idea? Socialism's goal should be achieved through patient, democratic reform, not a sudden overthrow. This 'revisionist' stance caused a massive uproar and split the socialist movement of his time.

Why You Should Read It

It's gripping because it's a real-time correction. You're watching a major political thinker say, 'Our core theory needs an update based on the facts on the ground.' It’s less about abstract philosophy and more about practical politics. Reading Bernstein helps you understand the huge divide between revolutionary communism and the democratic socialist parties we see in Europe today. He’s one of the intellectual architects of that latter path.

Final Verdict

Perfect for political junkies, history readers, or anyone who wants to understand the roots of modern left-wing politics. It’s not an easy beach read, but it’s a crucial primary source. You get the sense of a movement at a crossroads, argued with passion and conviction. If you've ever wondered 'What's the difference between socialism and social democracy?'—this book provides a clear, historic answer from the man who helped create that difference.



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Jackson Walker
5 months ago

From the very first page, the explanations feel carefully crafted rather than rushed. It is definitely a 5-star read from me.

Karen Johnson
5 months ago

This quickly became one of those books where the arguments are well-supported by credible references. Absolutely essential reading.

Mark Robinson
3 months ago

Out of sheer curiosity, the author avoids unnecessary jargon, which is refreshing. Simply brilliant.

Noah Hill
2 months ago

I’ve read many books on this subject, and the insights offered are both practical and thought-provoking. Absolutely essential reading.

4.5
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